Получена: 07.06.2023 / Принята: 16.08.2023 / Опубликована online: 31.08.2023
УДК:314
DOI 10.53511/PHARMKAZ.2023.32.81.012
Л.Ш.Гаражаева1, А. Э. Гаипов2, А.А. Кауышева 3
1КМУ ВШОЗ, Алматы, Казахстан
2Школы Медицины Назарбаев Университета, Астана, Казахстан
3КМУ ВШОЗ, Алматы, Казахстан
ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ ПОЧЕК И COVID-19: СИСТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЙ
ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
Актуальность: С момента своего первого появления в декабре 2019 г. в Китае, в провинции Ухань,
вирус тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома коронавируса 2 (SARS-CoV-2) быстро распространился по всему миру, вызвав беспрецедентную пандемию. На момент написания статьи заболевание перенесли более 400 млн человек, умерли почти 6 млн жителей Земли. SARS-CoV-2, вызывающий COVID-19, получает клеточный доступ через рецептор ангиотензинпревращающего фермента 2
(AПФ2), который связан с трансмембранным белком сериновой протеазы 2 (TMPRSS2). У людей мРНК
AПФ2 экспрессируется в нескольких системах и органах, включая мочеполовую систему, такие как, почки, надпочечник, мочеточник и мочевой пузырь. Важно отметить, что мРНК TMPRSS2 также экспрессируется в почки, надпочечник, мочеточник и мочевой пузырь. Таким образом, мочеполовая система
обладает рецептором который связывает белки, дающие доступ вириона SARS-CoV-2 к клеткам, что
делает мочеполовую систему особенно уязвимой как для разрушения, так и для изменения функции
из-за COVID-19. Уже первые месяцы жизни с COVID-19 показали, что основными факторами риска
тяжелого течения являются хроническая болезнь почек, и фатальные исходы существенно чаще регистрируют у лиц, имеющих хроническую почечную недостаточность. Важно заметить, что подобное
сочетание патологических состояний закономерно выявляется у лиц со сниженной иммунной системой. В настоящем обзоре мы представляем современные сведения о течении COVID-19 у пациентов
с хронической болезнью почек, а также обсуждаем варианты лечения иммунодефицита при COVID-19.
Ключевые слова: COVID-19; коронавирус; SARS-CoV-1; SARS-CoV-2; хроническая болезнь почек;
хроническая почечная недостаточность
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