Received: 13.07.2026
Accepted: 18.08.2026
Published online: 21.08.2026
UDC: 615.1:004.8:614.2.
DOI: 10.53511/pharmkaz.2026.4.10
DEVELOPMENT OF A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE SYSTEM OF PROVIDING THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN WITH MEDICINES AT NIGHT
Zhanbyrbayeva A.D.1, Shertayeva K.D.1, Umurzakhova G.Zh.1, Utegenova G.I.1,
Serikbayeva E.A.2 Makasheva N.O.2, Dzhabarkulova S.K.1
1South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent city, Republic of Kazakhstan
2Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Introduction. In the context of healthcare digitalization, ensuring continuous and safe access to medicines during nighttime hours remains an important challenge. Nighttime pharmaceutical services are associated with workforce limitations, high workload among pharmacy professionals, urgent requests, and an increased risk of medication dispensing errors. Artificial intelligence (AI) may represent a promising digital tool for supporting pharmacists’ professional decision-making.
Objective. To develop a conceptual model for implementing artificial intelligence in the system of providing the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan with medicines during nighttime hours.
Materials and Methods. Regulatory documents of the Republic of Kazakhstan related to healthcare and pharmaceutical practice, World Health Organization recommendations, and scientific publications addressing the use of AI in healthcare and pharmacy practice were analyzed. Content analysis, comparative and logical analysis, systematization, and conceptual modeling were applied.
Results. The main areas for the application of AI in nighttime pharmaceutical services were identified, including request identification and structuring, initial pharmaceutical triage, assessment of drug–drug interactions and contraindications, pharmacist decision support, standardization of pharmaceutical counseling, documentation, and subsequent system performance analysis. Based on these components, an eight-stage conceptual algorithm was developed. Within the proposed model, AI is regarded as a decision-support tool rather than a replacement for the pharmacist.
Discussion. The available evidence indicates that AI has potential to support pharmaceutical counseling and the processing of medication-related information; however, its performance in complex clinical tasks does not justify replacing professional pharmacist oversight. Implementation of the proposed model should therefore ensure compliance with Good Pharmacy Practice principles, data privacy and security requirements, human oversight, prior system validation, and appropriate digital competencies among pharmacy professionals. The proposed model remains conceptual and has not yet been tested in real-world community pharmacy settings.
Conclusion. The developed eight-stage model may provide a conceptual framework for the systematic and safe integration of AI into nighttime pharmaceutical services. Pilot testing in pharmacy organizations is required to evaluate its practical effectiveness and safety.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, nighttime pharmaceutical services, medication supply, pharmaceutical care, digital health, Good Pharmacy Practice.
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