Received: 11 September 2026
Accepted: 08 October 2026
Published online: 30 October 2026
UDC: 616.211-002.193:616-022.8/9:615.37
DOI: 10.53511/pharmkaz.2026.5.7
Article type: Original Research Article
USE OF ALLERGEN-SPECIFIC IMMUNOTHERAPY PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY INMUNOTEK S.L. IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: A REAL-WORLD CLINICAL PRACTICE ANALYSIS
E.F. Kovzel¹, G.M. Tussupbekova²˒³, Z.S. Khairullina⁵, D.N. Artygaliyeva⁴, S.A. Volodchenko¹
¹ Corporate Fund “University Medical Center”, Astana, Kazakhstan
² Hospital of the Medical Center of the Administration of the President of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan
³ Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
⁴ Allergo Clinic, Almaty, Kazakhstan
⁵ West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Introduction. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) modifies IgE-mediated allergic disease. Evidence on routine use of specific AIT products in Kazakhstan is limited.
Objective. To describe clinical experience with AIT products manufactured by Inmunotek S.L. at specialized healthcare institutions in Kazakhstan.
Materials and Methods. We retrospectively analyzed de-identified records from four institutions (2023–2026). The analysis included 1,756 patients aged 5 – 60 years: 1,709 received subcutaneous AIT with CLUSTEK® and 47 received sublingual AIT with ORALTEK®. We assessed age, allergen prescriptions, treatment schedules, diagnostic methods, and adverse reactions. There was no control group or standardized assessment of clinical effectiveness.
Results. Children and adolescents younger than 18 years accounted for 646 patients (36.8%). Among 2,508 allergen prescription records, mugwort was most frequent (857; 34.2%), followed by ragweed (303; 12.1%), grass pollen (280; 11.2%), and Russian thistle (251; 10.0%). Year-round AIT predominated at all four institutions. Molecular allergy diagnostics supported assessment of sensitization profiles and selection of clinically relevant allergens, particularly in polysensitized patients. Local adverse reactions were documented in 38 patients (2.2%) and systemic reactions in two (0.11%); both systemic reactions were graded III under the World Allergy Organization classification. No treatment discontinuations attributable to adverse reactions were documented.
Discussion. These findings are consistent with published data showing that local reactions predominate over systemic reactions during subcutaneous AIT with glutaraldehyde-modified allergen extracts, including in children. The predominance of weed pollen allergens may reflect local allergen exposure and referral patterns at the participating centers. Molecular allergy diagnostics complemented, but did not replace, clinical assessment. Direct comparison of safety rates with clinical trial data is limited by differences in study design and in how reaction rates were calculated.
Conclusion. This analysis describes routine practice at four specialized centers, including pediatric treatment, diverse allergen prescriptions, and predominant use of year-round AIT. The design precludes conclusions about effectiveness or true adverse-reaction incidence. The findings cannot be generalized to all patients in Kazakhstan. Prospective multicenter studies with harmonized clinical and safety outcomes are warranted.
Keywords: allergen-specific immunotherapy; allergic rhinitis; bronchial asthma; molecular allergy diagnostics; allergoids; CLUSTEK; ORALTEK; Kazakhstan.
количество просмотров / 👁 131