Получено: 30 марта 2026 г.
Принято: 26 мая 2026 г.
Опубликовано онлайн: 17 июня 2026 г.
УДК 615.213:54.052:543.054
DOI: 10.53511/pharmkaz.2026.3.5
STUDY OF PREGABALIN DISTRIBUTION IN ORGANS AND BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS OF
WISTAR RATS FOLLOWING ACUTE ORAL POISONING USING GAS
CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROMETRY METHOD
Parkhatkyzy N. ¹, Shukirbekova A.B. ², Usmanalieva Z.U. ³, Zhantureeva A.A. ¹, Omarbek
A.Sh. ¹, Mahmetov R.B. 4
¹ NJSC «Astana Medical University», Astana, Kazakhstan
² JSC «Almaty Technological University», Almaty, Kazakhstan
³ Pharmaceutical Institute of Education and Research, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
4 SCE on the REM «City Mental Health Center» of the Akimat of Astana, Astana, Kazakhstan
Introduction. The increasing number of fatalities associated with the non-medical use of pregabalin highlights the need to refine its toxicological profile. For forensic medical diagnostics, it is of primary importance to establish the patterns of drug deposition in organs and tissues in cases of acute poisoning. Identification of biological matrices with the highest concentrations of pregabalin is essential for substantiating forensic conclusions regarding the cause of death and for improving chemical–toxicological analysis algorithms. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of pregabalin in the organs and biological fluids in laboratory animals following oral intoxication.
Methods. The distribution of pregabalin in the rat body was studied using a modified V.F. Kramarenko isolation method. Purification of target compounds was performed by liquid–liquid extraction. Identification and quantitative determination of pregabalin were carried out using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The study was performed on 15 sexually mature female Wistar rats divided into 5 groups. Group 1 served as the control group (no substance administered). The experimental groups received pregabalin at doses of 1200 mg/kg (Group 2), 2000 mg/kg (Group 3), 3500 mg/kg (Group 4), and 5000 mg/kg (Group 5).
Results. Experimental results demonstrated that the highest concentrations of pregabalin were detected in the kidneys (3279.839 mg/100 g), stomach with its contents (3231.265 mg/100 g), and urine (2885.746 mg/100 g).
Discussion. The study in rats allowed the characterization of pregabalin distribution patterns following acute oral intoxication. The highest levels were observed in the kidneys, stomach with its contents, and urine, which is attributed to the physicochemical properties of the analyte and its elimination pathway. The obtained data indicate that pregabalin is present in biological matrices in unchanged form, which simplifies chemical–toxicological analysis and enables GC–MS to be used as a reliable identification method. The application of the modified V.F. Kramarenko isolation method combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ensures high extraction efficiency in kidneys (79.8%), plasma (86.4%), and urine (91.2%), as well as high selectivity of determination. The results support the recommendation of these biological matrices as primary targets for forensic toxicological investigations of pregabalin poisoning.
Keywords: pregabalin, tissue distribution, forensic toxicology analysis.
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